Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) represents a paradigm shift in sustainable construction, merging energy generation with architectural design. A critical factor in their adoption is cost, which varies significantly depending on the type and complexity of the system. The insights provided by "2024 BIPV Status Report " offer a detailed analysis of end-user pricing for photovoltaic cladding and complete technological systems.
Fig. 1: Photovoltaic Cladding End-User Pricing
Photovoltaic cladding is the outer layer of a building’s envelope that incorporates energy-generating elements. This figure provides a price range analysis, highlighting the diversity of costs across various BIPV product types:
- Rainscreen and Discontinuous Roofs: Positioned at the lower end of the price spectrum, these systems are cost-effective for projects prioritizing standard designs.
- Prefabricated Systems: These include insulation and substructure elements, making them pricier but offering added value in multifunctionality and ease of installation.
- Curtain Walls and Skylights: Represent the premium end of the spectrum, primarily due to the inclusion of photovoltaic laminated glass, which enhances aesthetics and functionality.
The analysis reveals that the degree of customization, such as specific colours or shapes, significantly affects pricing. For instance, a customized rainscreen facade can cost substantially more than its non-customized counterpart, reflecting the added design and manufacturing complexities.
Fig. 2: Photovoltaic Technological Systems End-User Price in Europe
Technological systems encompass the full integration of BIPV components into a building envelope, including structural, electrical, and functional elements. Fig. 2 provides a cost breakdown that includes:
- Structural Components: Frames, fixing clamps, and load-bearing anchors essential for stability and safety.
- Electrical Systems: Cabling, inverters, and balance of system (BOS) components.
- Soft Costs: Design, engineering, and labor for both construction and electrical installations.
The data indicates notable regional variations in costs:
- Switzerland: Premium pricing reflects advanced manufacturing standards and high-quality materials.
- Benelux and Scandinavia: Competitive prices due to policy support and market maturity.
These prices also highlight the comprehensive nature of BIPV systems, emphasizing that costs extend beyond the photovoltaic modules themselves to include all necessary components for a functional and compliant building envelope1.
Key Takeaways and Implications
- Cost Drivers: Customization and system complexity are key determinants of BIPV pricing. Tailored designs significantly enhance aesthetic and functional value but come with a higher price tag.
- Regional Variability: Costs vary across Europe, reflecting local market dynamics, labour costs, and policy incentives.
- Holistic Value: Unlike traditional building materials, BIPV offers the potential for cost recovery through energy savings over its lifespan, making it a unique investment.
